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Last updated: 26 Aug 2025
Cascading select questions allow you to create dynamic forms where the options in one question depend on the answer to a previous question. This feature helps streamline data collection by presenting only relevant choices, improving the efficiency and accuracy of your surveys.
Note: This article focuses on basic cascading select questions using the Formbuilder. To learn more about using XLSForm to create advanced cascading select questions and add choice filters, see XLSForm documentation.
To import cascading select questions into the Formbuilder, you first need to prepare your choice list in Excel or another spreadsheet program. You can use this Cascade Import Template to get started.
The choice table must include the following columns:
list_name: Unique identifier for a question’s list of choices. This will also be the Data Column Name for the created question.
name: Unique identifier for each choice within a list.
label: Text that appears on the form for each choice.
Note: When defining a list_name or a name, do not use symbols such as the em-dash or question mark. Only alphabet letters, underscores, and numbers can be used.
Next, you must add a column for each parent list, which is a list that includes a sublist within it. For example, a parent list of continents could include a child list of countries.
For each item in the child list, indicate in the parent list column which parent item the child item belongs to. For example, if the country in the child list is Malawi, then in the continent column, indicate Africa. To refer to an item from the parent list, use the choice name, not the choice label.
Once your choice list is ready, you can import it in the Formbuilder by following these steps:
Copy the entire choice table from your spreadsheet.
In the Formbuilder, click Insert cascading select.
Paste the copied table into the text box and click Done to import. This process will automatically create new questions in your form.
If there are formatting errors, the import will fail. Correct any mistakes and ensure you followed the template instructions.
Once imported, you can move the questions within your form, change the question and choice labels, and even delete option choices.
To add more choices to the cascading list, delete the existing imported questions and import a new list from your updated spreadsheet, following the same process as above.
Note: If you change the question label in the Formbuilder, ensure the Data Column Name in its settings still matches the list_name from your choice list table.
For greater flexibility in managing and updating your cascading select questions, especially if you anticipate frequent changes to your choice lists, using XLSForm is recommended. This method allows you to directly modify your choice lists, without losing any changes made to the question labels and settings.
To update your cascading select questions using XLSForm:
Download your XLSForm by exiting the Formbuilder, clicking on More actions in the FORM tab, and selecting Download XLS.
Navigate to the choices worksheet in the downloaded file and modify your choice list. Maintain the same approach and format as described above for preparing a cascading choice table.
Re-upload the updated XLSForm to KoboToolbox by clicking on Replace form and uploading your modified file.
To learn more about adding cascading select questions and using choice filters in XLSForm, see XLSForm Documentation. For more information about using XLSForm with KoboToolbox, see Getting started with XLSForm.
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